Vesicouretic reflux is a condition in which normal compression of the bladder during urination results in an abnormal backflow of urine into the kidneys. It is the second most common renal disease in children. Over a period of weeks, months or years, this leads to kidney infection, permanent scarring of kidney tissue, high blood pressure, and if left untreated, renal failure. It is a congenital defect related to the bladder and/or ureters (tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder) and can be hereditary.