Peduncular hallucinosis, also known as Lhermitte's peduncular hallucinosis, is a rare neurological syndrome with a relatively rich series of detailed clinical case studies in the medical literature. The French neurologist Jean Lhermitte in 1922 first wrote about a patient with odd visual hallucinations that were associated with suggestions of brain damage involving the midbrain and the pons. After other case studies were published, this type of presentation was labelled "peduncular hallucinosis. " The accumulation of additional cases by Lhermitte and by others influenced academic medical debate about hallucinations and about behavioral neurology...